The safety and efficacy of a dedicated neonatal-infant 0.35 T brain MRI system / 中华放射学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a dedicated neonatal-infant brain 0.35 T MRI system.Methods:A dual-center controlled clinical trial was conducted with single-arm objective performance criteria. From June to July 2020, sixty-six infants aged 0-12 (6.3±3.4) months were recruited from Children′s Hospital of Soochow University and the First People′s Hospital of Lianyungang prospectively. All infants underwent brain MRI with a dedicated neonatal-infant 0.35 T brain MRI system, using the dedicated two-channel transceiver head coil. MRI protocol included spin echo T 1WI, fast spin echo T 2WI, fluid attenuated inversion recovery, diffusion weighted imaging and 3D gradient echo sequence. MRI sequences were set with three orientations (axial, sagittal and coronal). Each case received at least two scanning planes and two scanning sequences. Five-point Likert scoring system was used to evaluate the image quality of acquired images, and the target value was set as at least 3 points per image. The temperature, heart rate and breathe of the infants were recorded before and after MRI; the acoustic noise of the MRI system was measured during the scanning process; and the adverse reactions were recorded if presented. Results:Five infants successfully completed their examination during non-sedated sleep in a single attempt, and 61 infants after sedation with chloral hydrate. Based on MRI-based five-point Likert scoring system, 41 cases achieved a score of 5, 21 cases with a score of 4 and 4 cases with a score of 3. Cases with score of 3 was due to movement of the infants during the scan, which resulted in motion related artifacts. The vital signs of all infants showed stable before and after imaging, with heart rate of (126.8±12.9) beats per minute, breathe of (38.2±6.8) times per minute. It was found that 47 cases showed no sign of temperature raise after brain MRI, 15 cases had less than 0.3 ℃ raise and 4 cases had 0.3 ℃ to 0.5 ℃ raise. The noise recorded during the scanning process was (57.5±1.8) dB(A). One case had mild diarrhea on the day of MR scan, and the symptoms disappeared on the second day without treatment; no adverse reactions were found for the rest subjects.Conclusion:Dedicated neonatal-infant 0.35 T brain MRI system allows data acquisition with high safety and excellent image quality, which has potentials in the clinical applications.

Effectiveness of interventions for human papillomavirus vaccine hesitancy among female university students based on the precaution adoption process model / 预防医学

Objective @#To evaluate the effectiveness of interventions for human papillomavirus ( HPV ) vaccine hesitancy among female university students based on the precaution adoption process model (PAPM), so as to provide the evidence for improving the coverage of HPV vaccine in this population. @*Methods @#HPV vaccine hesitant female students were selected using a cluster sampling method from Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, and randomly assigned to the PAPM group and control group. Students in the PAPM group received PAPM-based interventions for HPV vaccine hesitancy, while students in the control group were given routine interventions. The HPV-related knowledge, HPV vaccine-related knowledge and HPV vaccine hesitancy scores were collected from both groups prior to interventions ( T0 ), 0 ( T1 ), 1 ( T2 ) and 3 months post-interventions ( T3 ), and the effectiveness of interventions was evaluated using analysis of variance for repeated measures.@*Results @#There were 147 students in the PAPM group and 141 students in the control group. In the PAPM group, 36.73% of the students majored in medical sciences, and 48.23% were freshmen; in the control group, 39.72% majored in medical sciences, and 50.35% were freshmen. The mean scores of HPV- and HPV vaccine-related knowledge were significantly greater in the PAPM group than in the control group, respectively ( T1, 5.29 vs. 4.91; T2, 4.27 vs. 4.22; T3, 4.22 vs. 4.04; P<0.05 ); however, no significant differences were detected in the HPV vaccine hesitancy scores between the two groups, respectively ( T1, 2.98 vs. 2.95; T2, 3.07 vs. 3.07; T3, 3.08 vs. 2.97; P>0.05 ). The mean scores of the confidence dimension ( T1, 3.37 vs. 3.23; T2, 3.48 vs. 3.40; T3, 3.38 vs. 3.25 ) and the dimension of influence by others ( T1, 3.44 vs. 3.33; T2, 3.42 vs. 3.37; T3, 3.46 vs. 3.27 ) were significantly greater in the PAPM group than in the control group (P<0.05), while the mean scores of the complacency dimension were significantly lower in the PAPM group than in the control group ( T1, 1.98 vs. 2.03; T2, 2.06 vs. 2.20; T3, 2.18 vs. 2.15; P<0.05 ).@*Conclusions @#PAPM-based interventions for HPV vaccine hesitancy may effectively improve the awareness of HPV and HPV vaccines, reduce complacency, and enhance the influence by others among female university students.

Assessment of occupational health risk of noise in a plastic products enterprise / 中国职业医学

@#Objective To assess the occupational health risk of noise in a plastic products enterprise and determine the key risk Methods - points. The workplace of a plastic products enterprise and its 388 noise exposed workers were selected as the ， research subjects using a convenient sampling method. The noise intensity in the workplace of the enterprise was measured and - GBZ/T 229.4-2012 the individual noise exposure level and pure tone hearing test were carried out in the noise exposed workers. Classification of Occupational Hazards at Workplaces--Part 4： Occupational Exposure to Noise（ GBZ/T hereinafter referred to as 229.4-2012） - was used to evaluate the hazardous degree of noise in different posts. The risk of high frequency hearing loss （ ） - （ ） - ， ， HFHL and occupational noise induced deafness ONID in noise exposed workers in different posts at 45.0 50.0 55.0 and WS/T 754-2016 Guideline for Risk Management of Occupational Noise Hazard（ 60.0 years of age were predicted using hereinafter WS/T 754-2016）Results referred to as . The noise in the workplace of this plastic product enterprise was found to exceed the - occupational exposure limits with the rate of 46.6%. The maximum level of normalization of equivalent continuous A weighted - （ ） sound pressure level to a nominal 40 h working week of exposure to noise in workers of six posts was 84.0 93.0 dB A . - ， ， ， According to GBZ/T 229.4 2012 the noise hazards of the posts including extrusion premixing unloading and utility - ， maintenance were mild or moderate except for the film and packaging posts. According to WS/T 754 2016 the risks of HFHL in ， ， the film and packaging operators at age ≥50.0 years old were at acceptable risk and the risks of HFHL in operators of extrusion ， ， premixing unloading and utility maintenance at age ≥45.0 years old were at moderate risk or high risk. The risks of ONID for ， the film packaging and utility maintenance operators at age ≥55.0 years old were at acceptable risk or moderate risk. The risksof ONID for extrusion premixing and unloading operators at age ≥50.0 years old were at high risk. Extrusion operators with （ ） exposure to toluene below the occupational exposure limit had a higher risk of HFHL high risk than unloading operators （ ） Conclusion moderate risk at age 45.0 years with the same noise intensity. The noise exposure intensity is high in the ， workplace of the plastic product enterprise. The workers in posts of extrusion premixing and unloading are at high risk levels of HFHL and ONID.

Analysis of clinical features and risk factors of systemic lupus erythematosus concomitant with interstitial lung disease in children / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To explore the clinical features and risk factors of systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) concomitant with interstitial lung disease(ILD) in children.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed.A total of 111 hospitalized children diagnosed with SLE in the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Children′s Hospital of Soochow University from February 2016 to November 2018 were selected as the research subjects and divided into the SLE-ILD group(18 cases) and the SLE-non-ILD group(93 cases)according to the lung high-resolution CT manifestations. T-test and Wilcoxon rank sum test were used to compare and analyze the general situation, clinical manifestations and laboratory results.Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of SLE-ILD. Results:The prevalence of SLE-ILD was 16.2%(18/111 cases). There were significant differences between the SLE-ILD group and the SLE-non-ILD group in the course of disease [14.00 (12.00-24.25) months vs.1.00(1.00-2.00) months], the incidence of serositis [55.6%(10/18 cases) vs.8.6%(8/93 cases)], post-activity shortness of breath [83.3%(15/18 cases) vs.25.8%(24/93 cases)], nervous system damage [27.8%(5/18 cases) vs.6.5%(6/93 cases)], cardiovascular system damage [38.9%(7/18 cases) vs.9.7%(9/93 cases)], the occu-rrence of increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate [66.7%(12/18 cases) vs.31.2%(29/93 cases)], the decreased C 3[88.9%(16/18 cases) vs.62.4%(58/93 cases)], positive anti neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) [88.9%(16/18 cases) vs.18.3%(17/93 cases)], positive anti-Sm antibody [61.1%(11/18 cases) vs.15.1%(14/93 cases)] and anti ribonucleoprotein antibody (anti RNP antibody)[66.7%(12/18 cases) vs.16.1%(15/93 cases)](all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that serositis( OR=30.535, 95% CI: 2.167-430.336, P=0.011), shortness of breath after exercise( OR=55.115, 95% CI: 1.117-2 579.852, P=0.041), positive ANCA( OR=65.090, 95% CI: 4.488-944.071, P=0.002) and positive anti-RNP antibody( OR=10.007, 95% CI: 1.362-73.500, P=0.024) were risk factors for SLE-ILD. Conclusions:The longer the course of SLE, the higher the incidence of ILD; serositis, shortness of breath after exercise, positive ANCA and positive anti RNP antibody may be risk factors for SLE-ILD.

Determination of Azide Ions in Blood by Pentafluorobenzyl Derivation Followed by GC-MS / 法医学杂志

Objective To establish a method for determination of the azide ions in blood by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS） following pentafluorobenzyl derivatization. Methods A blood sample of 0.2 mL was placed into a 10 mL glass test tube, and the internal standard sodium cyanide, derivatization reagent pentafluorobenzyl bromide and catalyst tetradecyl benzyl dimethyl ammonium chloride were added in turn. After vortex mixing, the mixture was heated with low-power microwave for 3 min. After centrifugation, the organic phase was taken for GC-MS analysis. Results The azide ions in blood had a good linear relationship in the mass concentration range of 0.5 to 20 μg/mL. The lowest detection limit was 0.25 μg/mL and the relative recovery was 91.36%-94.58%. The method was successfully applied to a case of death from sodium azide poisoning. The mass concentration of azide ions in the blood of the dead was 11.11 μg/mL. Conclusion The method developed in this paper has strong specificity and is easy to operate, which is suitable for the rapid detection of azide ions in blood.

Sequential Changes of Total Adenine Nucleotide and Adenylic-Acid Energy Charge in Muscles of Rats after Death / 法医学杂志

Objective To determine the purine adenylate [adenosine triphosphate （ATP）, adenosine diphosphate （ADP）, adenosine monophosphate （AMP）] content in the muscles of both hind limbs of rats at different postmortem interval （PMI）, calculate the changes in the total adenine nucleotide （TAN） content and the adenylic-acid energy charge （AEC）, and explore their relationship with PMI. Methods Healthy rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and kept at 20 ℃. The muscles of their hind limbs were extracted at 0, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144, and 168 h after death. Reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the content of purine adenylates, the TAN and AEC of the muscles of the both hind limbs were calculated, and the related regression equations of their relationship with PMI were established. Results Within 168 h of death of rats, the trend of ATP change was different from ADP, and the content of AMP continuously increased. The TAN value gradually increased with the extension of PMI, and the AEC showed a downward trend within 168 h after death. Among them, the patterns of AEC changes with PMI were obvious, the correlation coefficient was high （ R2=0.903）, and the curve fitting relationship was good; the fitting relationship between ATP, ADP, AMP, TAN and PMI was poor （ R2=0.198-0.754）. Conclusion The postmortem change patterns of AEC provide new research ideas for PMI estimation in the forensic field.

Recent progress on betulinic acid and its derivatives as antitumor agents: a mini review / 中国天然药物

Natural products are one of the important sources for the discovery of new drugs. Betulinic acid (BA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid widely distributed in the plant kingdom, exhibits powerful biological effects, including antitumor activity against various types of cancer cells. A considerable number of BA derivatives have been designed and prepared to remove their disadvantages, such as poor water solubility and low bioavailability. This review summarizes the current studies of the structural diversity of antitumor BA derivatives within the last five years, which provides prospects for further research on the structural modification of betulinic acid.

Imageology study of correlation loss and its related factors after short-segment pedicle screw reduction and fixation for lumbar fractures / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the correction loss after posterior segmental fixation for lumbar spine fractures and explore the related image factors.@*METHODS@#Posterior short-segment fixation was received in 48 patients with L@*RESULTS@#The average follow-up was 12 to 18 (16.13±5.39) months. LKA, AVH and VWA at 1 week postoperative and those at the final follow up, were significantly improved compared with those preoperative (@*CONCLUSION@#The angle of adjacent intervertebral discs and anterior height of injured vertebrae were lost statistically after posterior short-segment pedicle screw treatment for lumbar fractures, and multivariate analysis showed that all of them were correlated with load-sharing score.

Identification and evaluation of occupational hazards during construction of a large construction project / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the occupational hazard factors and their critical control points in the process of construction of a large-scale construction project.METHODS: The engineering analysis, worksite survey occupational health and occupational hazard factor testing were conducted in a large-scale construction project, and the results were analyzed. RESULTS: During the process of construction of this large-scale construction project, there were many occupational hazard factors such as silicon dust, welding smoke, wood and other dusts, inorganic compounds of manganese, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitric oxide, ozone, noise, high temperature, hand-transmitted vibration and ultraviolet irradiation, among them, silicon dust and noise were the most common ones. The over standard rates of exposure concentration of short term of total dust and respirable dust in the workplace were 68.2%(15/22) and 40.9%(9/22), and the over standard rates of exposure concentration of time weighted average were 54.5%(12/22) and 13.6%(3/22), respectively. The over standard rates of the noise intensity of area sampling and personal sampling in workplace were 69.2%(45/65) and 61.0%(25/41) respectively. The four hours energy equivalent frequency-weighted acceleration to vibration of three hand-transmitted vibration positions has been detected, and the result has surpassed the occupational exposure limit.The results of other occupational hazard factors such as high temperature, ultraviolet radiation, wood dust, welding smoke, other dust, manganese inorganic compounds, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen cyanide and ozone all met the occupational exposure limits. CONCLUSION: There are various occupational hazard factors in the process of construction of this large-scale construction project, among them, noise, dust and hand-transmitted vibration are the most prominent hazards.These hazards are the critical control points of this type of construction projects.

Effect of warm needling therapy on nerve conduction in patients with occupational hand-arm vibration disease / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of warm needling therapy on the conduction of hand-arm motor nerve and sensory nerve in patients with occupational hand-arm vibration disease(HAVD). METHODS: Male occupational HAVD patients were divided into control group(39 cases) and experimental group(36 cases) by random number table method. The control group received routine therapy, while the experimental group was treated with routine therapy plus warm needling therapy five times a week for four consecutive weeks. The changes on the conduction of motor nerve and sensory nerve in these two groups before and after treatment were compared. RESULTS: Before treatment, the motor nerve conduction velocity(MCV), distal motor latency(DML), compound muscle action potential amplitude(CMAP), sensory nerve conduction velocity(SCV) and sensory nerve action potential amplitude(SNAP) of the median nerve and ulnar nerve in the two groups were compared, and there was no statistically significant difference(all P>0.05). After treatment, the MCV and SCV of median nerve and ulnar nerve in the experimental group were accelerated(all P<0.05), the DML of median nerve and ulnar nerve were shortened(all P<0.01), and the CMAP of median nerve increased compared with the control group(P<0.01). However, there was no significant difference in the CMAP of ulnar nerve and SNAP of median nerve and ulnar nerve(all P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Warm needling therapy can improve the conduction of motor nerve and sensory nerve. Warm needling therapy might be able to promote the repair of injury in axons and myelin sheaths.

Application of finger systolic blood pressure in the diagnosis of vibration-induced vascular injury / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the application value of finger systolic blood pressure(FSBP) in the diagnosis of vibration-induced vascular injury. METHODS: Thirty patients with vibration-induced vascular injury [vibration-induced white finger(VWF)] were selected as the case group by a non-randomized concurrent controlled trial, and 30 hand-transmitted vibration workers without VWF were selected as the control group. The FSBP test was performed on the tested hands of all subjects, and the FSBP index of each Finger(F_( i)) was measured. RESULTS: The F_i of the index finger, middle finger, ring finger and tail finger of the tested hand in the case group were lower than that in the control group(all P<0.01). In the case group, the F_i of index finger was lower than ring finger and tail finger(all P<0.01). The abnormal rates of F_i on the index, middle and ring fingers in the case group were higher than those in the control group(86.7% vs 10.0%, 76.7% vs 13.3%, 43.3% vs 10.0%, all P<0.01). The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve of the measured F_i of the index finger, middle finger, ring finger and tail finger were 0.884, 0.843, 0.764 and 0.687 respectively. The diagnostic cut off value of the F_i of index finger was 80.2%. The sensitivity and specificity were 86.7% and 90.0%, respectively. CONCLUSION: FSBP test has a good application value in the diagnosis of vibration-induced vascular injuries. It is suggested that the F_i of index finger be the first choice as the diagnostic index, and the abnormal value can be set at 80.0%.

Analysis of influencing factors of fingertip thermotactile perception threshold in healthy young adults / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the stability of test results of fingertip thermotactile perception threshold(TPT) among healthy individuals and the influencing factors of the TPT test. METHODS: Fifty healthy young volunteers aged 20-25 were selected as the study subjects using the convenience sampling method. The HVLab thermal aesthesiometer was used to perform the fingertip TPT test under the standard condition. Right index, middle, ring, little, left index and little fingers were tested. According to the method of random number table, we selected 25 subjects to receive second test after the interval of two weeks. RESULTS: Intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC) for cold threshold of right little finger was bigger than 0.75, suggesting the test-retest reliability was excellent. The ICC for hot threshold of six test fingers, cold threshold of right and left index fingers, right middle and left little finges was in the range of 0.60-0.74, indicating the test-retest reliability was good. However, the ICC for cold threshold of right ring finger was less than 0.40, and the test-retest reliability was poor. The hot threshold of right middle, ring and little fingers, and the cold threshold of left little finger of males were higher than those of females(all P<0.05). The cold threshold of right index and little fingers were lower than those of left hand in males(all P<0.05). The cold threshold of right middle and ring fingers were lower than that of the right index finger in females(all P<0.05). The cold threshold of right little finger was lower than those of right index, middle and ring fingers in females(all P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The stability of the fingertip TPT result is good in healthy young adults aged 20-25. The fingertip TPT test could be used for occupational health surveillance of workers exposed to hand-transmitted vibration. We should take into account the influence of gender, the right or left hand and different fingers when developing TPT reference values.

Analysis of the vibration reduction effect of three common protective gloves / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To test and analyze the vibration transmissivity of three common kinds of protective gloves, and to determine their actual protecting effect. METHODS: Three kinds of protective gloves were selected as test materials, and five healthy volunteers were selected as subjects using typical sampling methods. According to the ISO 10819:2013 Mechanical Vibration and Shock--Hand-arm Vibration--Measurement and Evaluation of the Vibration Transmissibility of Gloves at the Palm of the Hand(hereinafter referred to as ISO 10819:2013), investigation and measurement of basic parameters of protective gloves. The gloved vibration transmission(GVT) test system was used to test the vibration transmission of different protective gloves worn by the subjects, and the spectrum analysis of vibration reduction characteristics was carried out. RESULTS: The thickness of damping material of all the three kinds of protective gloves met the standard requirements. The mean value for the corrected frequency-weighted glove vibration transmissibility values at 25.0-200.0 Hz were 0.91, 0.75 and 0.94, and 1.05, 0.85 and 1.10 at 200.0-1 250.0 Hz, for the protective gloves A, B and C, respectively. The results of anti-vibration characteristic spectrum analysis show that there has no vibration reduction effect at the frequency of 25.0-200.0 Hz when wearing these three kinds of gloves. Wearing gloves A and B on part of the 200.0-1 250.0 Hz frequency vibration has an amplifying effect. Wearing glove C has a partial vibration reduction effect at the 200.0-1 250.0 Hz frequency, and the vibration reduction efficiency is the highest at the frequency of 1 250.0 Hz.CONCLUSION: According to the ISO 10819:2013 standard, the mean value of GVT measured when wearing the three kinds of protective gloves does not meet the relevant requirements, and the anti-vibration effect is poor. These gloves cannot be defined as anti-vibration gloves.

Research progress on correlation between lncRNAs and pathogenesis of vascular diseases / 中国职业医学

Occupational hand-arm vibration diseases(HAVD) is a legitimate occupational disease in China, and the mechanism of its pathogenesis is vibration-induced vascular injury. Once HAVD occurs, it is difficult for the patients to recover and can cause great harm to workers exposed to hand-arm vibration. It is difficult to detect and evaluate the occurrence and progress of the disease at an early stage using existing technology, which is disadvantageous to the early prevention and treatment of the disease. Long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs) play an important role in regulating the development, growth, and remodeling of blood vessels and other biological processes. This article reviews the role and mechanism of lncRNAs in vascular injury, and provides scientific theoretical basis for early diagnosis and treatment of HAVD.

Research progress on pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase inhibitors / 药学学报

Tumor cells can metabolize glucose through glycolysis to intermediates for biomacromolecule synthesis by inhibiting the activity of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) in mitochondria. In this process, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDKs) play a key role. The inhibition of the activity of PDKs can effectively block this metabolic pathway, activate mitochondrial oxidative metabolism, and induce tumor cell apoptosis. PDK inhibitors have become a research hotspot in medicinal chemistry, and novel structures targeting classical binding sites have been synthesized. In this paper, recent research progress on PDK inhibitors is reviewed to provide information on these latest entities and to explore their clinical applicability.

Minimally invasive percutaneous plate internal fixation through anterolateral single incision for the treatment of open distal tibiofibula fractures / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate therapeutic effect of minimally invasive percutaneous plate internal fixation (MIPPO) through a single incision in treating open distal tibiofibula fractures.@*METHODS@#From March 2015 to February 2019, 10 patients with open distal tibiofibula fractures were treated with MIPPO technique through single anterolateral incision, including 8 males and 2 females, aged from 31 to 68 years old. According to Gustilo classification, 6 patients were typeⅠ, 3 patients were typeⅡand 1 patient was type ⅢA. Operative time, intraoperative blood loss and fracture healing were observed, Mazur ankle joint scoring was used to evaluate clinical effect.@*RESULTS@#All patients were followed up from 9 to 24 months. Operative time ranged from 85 to 120 min, intraoperative blood loss ranged from 80 to 200 ml, fracture healing time ranged from 18 to 30 weeks. Nine patients with Gustilo typeⅠandⅡachieved satisfactory healing wound, original wound of 1 patient with Gustilo type ⅢA was poor, and healed by skin flap transplantation at stageⅡ. No steel exposed and infection occurred. According to Mazur ankle scoring at the final following-up, total score was from 61 to 97, and 8 patients got excellent result, 1 good and 1 poor.@*CONCLUSION@#MIPPO technique through anterolateral single incision for the treatment of open distal tibiofibula fractures could protect original medial wound in opertaion, avoid plate exposed through anterolateral extensor tendon to cover internal fixation, and MIPPO technique could protect fracture end blood flow to improve fracture healing rate, and it is a kind of choice.

Position of conus medullaris termination in children: magnetic resonance imaging / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective:To determine the location of the conus medullaris termination (CMT) in children under the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Methods:The children, aged 1 day to 15 yr, underwent MRI performed on the lumbosacral spine, were retrospectively analyzed.The CMT corresponding to the position of vertebral body was sequentially numbered.Each vertebral body was divided into upper (U), middle (M), and lower 1/3 unit (L), while the intervertebral disc was considered as an independent segment.From top to bottom of vertebral body, T 12-U1/3 was marked as 0, T 12-M1/3 was marked as 1, T 12-L1/3 was marked as 2, and T 12-L 1 was marked as 3, respectively.The children including male group and female group were divided into different age groups: <1 month, 1-5 months, 6-11 months, 1 yr, 2-4 yr, 5-9 yr and 10-15 yr.The children were divided into male group (M group) and female group (F group) according to gender, and the positions of CMT were compared. Results:A total of 231 children were enrolled in this study, including 122 males and 109 females, aged (4±4) yr.The corresponding number for the position of CMT in children aged <1 month, 1-5 months, 6-11 months, 1 yr, 2-4 yr, 5-9 yr and 10-15 yr was 7.3±2.0, 7.3±2.3, 6.4±1.8, 6.5±2.6, 5.4±2.2, 5.5±1.8, and 5.0±1.8, respectively.There was no statistically significant difference in the position of CMT between group M and group F ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The corresponding number for the position of CMT is 7.3, 7.3, 6.4, 6.5, 5.4, 5.5 and 5.0 in children aged <1 month, 1-5 months, 6-11 months, 1 yr, 2-4 yr, 5-9 yr and 10-15 yr, respectively.

Changes of type H vessel in bone from osteoporotic mice induced ovariectomy / 中华骨科杂志

Objective:To explore the changes of bone mineral density (BMD) and type H vessel, which was recently identified as strongly positive for CD31 and Endomucin (CD31 hiEmcn hi) in long bone from ovariectomized (OVX) mice compared withSham group. Methods:C57BL/6Jwild-type mice were used for experiments and bone tissuewas collected. Eight-week-old female mice were randomly divided into bilateral ovariectomy (OVX) and a sham operation (Sham). The bilateral ovaries were exposed and removed in the OVX group. In the sham group, the ovaries were only exposed but left intact. After 4weeks, these mice were killed for experiment and the femurs were collected for Micro CT scanning in order to observe the changes of bone mineral density (BMD) and trabecular indexes, including bone volume (BV), total volume of interest (TV), bone volume fraction (BV/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), trabecular separation (Tb.Sp), trabecular number (Tb.N). The fresh tibia of each mouse was fixed, decalcified, dehydrated and embedded for immunostaining. All experimental data were analyzed with t-test. Results:Mouse femora from two groups were dissected at 4 week time points, and the attached soft tissue was completely removed for Micro CT scanning. BMD in OVX is 0.11±0.01 g/cm 3 and 0.21±0.01 g/cm 3 in Sham, which indicated the BMD in OVX significantly decreased. The results showed significant difference between the groups ( P=0.001). The microarchitecture in trabecular bone changed. BV/TV in OVX is 11.52%±1.77% and 25.87%±1.31% in Sham, which indicated the BV/TV in OVX significantly decreased. The results showed significant difference between the groups ( P<0.05). Tb.N in OVX is 1.67±0.33/mm and 2.95±0.82/mm in Sham, which indicated the Tb.N in OVX slightly decreased. The results showed no significant difference between the groups ( P=0.066). Tb.Th in OVX is 0.06±0.01 mm and 0.07±0.01 mm in Sham, which indicated the Tb.Th in OVX significantly thinned. The results showed significant difference between the groups ( P=0.021). Tb.Sp in OVX is 0.29±0.15 mm and 0.19±0.01 mm in Sham, which indicated the Tb.Sp in OVX significantly increased. The results showed significant difference between the groups ( P<0.05). In the groups BMD decreased and trabecular microstructure was broken. Both BMD and trabecular indexes (BV/TV, Tb. Th, Tb. Sp) showed significant changes in OVX group compared with Sham ( P<0.05) except Tb.N. We next examined the expression of CD31 and EMCN via immunostaining in order to observe the changes of type H vessel.By immunostaining, the percentage of HV/TV in OVX group was 9.14%±0.99% and 29.33%±1.22% in the sham-operated mice. Dramatically decreased type H vessels in the metaphysis of OVX mice were observed compared with that of Sham control mice. The results showed significant difference between the groups ( P<0.05). Conclusion:In this study, ovariectomized mice, a widely used model for postmenopausal osteoporosis, exhibited significantly reduced type H vessels accompanied by reduced BMD, which indicatedtype H vessel involved in the occurrence of postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Changes in body mass index of postural tachycardia syndrome in children and adolescents / 中国实用儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the relationship between body mass index and postural tachycardia syndrome in children and adolescents. METHODS: The clinical data of 127 children and adolescents were retrospectively analyzed,who were diagnosed with postural tachycardia syndrome(POTS)in the Department of Pediatric Cardiovasology,Children's Medical Center,the Second Xiangya Hospital,Central South University,from August 2009 to June 2018,which included63 males and 64 females and their ages were from 4 to 17 years old(mean age 11.31±2.53)(POTS group). A total of 107 healthy children and adolescents including 64 males and 63 females were included as the control group,who had a health examination in the health care clinic in the hospital during the same period(aged 7 to 17,with a mean age of11.60±3.27). Body length and body mass were measured and body mass index(BMI)calculated. Statistical analysis was conducted with SPSS 22.0 software. RESULTS:(1)Duration and frequency of syncope:the duration of syncope was(8.13±13.76)months in POTS group and the frequency of syncope was(1.45±4.43)times.(2)BMI intergroup comparison:comparing POTS group with control group,there was no difference in age,length or body mass(P>0.05),and BMI was significantly lower[(17.32 ± 2.65)kg/m~2 vs.(18.17 ± 2.42)kg/m~2,t=2.655,P<0.01]in POTS group.(3)BMI classification:low body mass was higher in POTS group(69.29%,88/127)than in control group(56.69%,72/127);normal body mass was lower in POTS group(29.13%,37/127)than in control group(41.73%,53/127）,χ~2=4.444,P<0.05. CONCLUSION: BMI of POTS group decreases significantly in children and adolescents,and it is lower in girls than in boys.

A new cadalene sesquiterpene glycoside from Dendrobium nobile / 药学学报

Using column chromatographic and preparative HPLC technologies, we isolated a new sesquiterpene glycoside from the stem of Dendrobium nobile. With spectroscopic techniques including NMR and MS, the new compound was identified as cadalene-12-O-β-D-glucopyranoside. This type of compound was dehydrogenated from cadinane sesquiterpene to achieve a naphthalene ring, and it is rare from a natural resource.